Expert discusses fluoridated water and horses
There is no reliable prove to exhibit that whatever horses accept always suffered flouride poisoning through drinking fluoridated world water, a veterinarian clinical toxicologist says.
Associate Professor Cynthia Gaskill, toxicology department primary at the Veterinary Diagnositc Laboratory at the University of Kentucky, said the potential opportunity of fluoride-supplemented world H2O to horses was a theme that periodically arose.
“A casual meshing search of this theme tin uncover alarming reports purporting fluoride poisoning inward horses from fluoridated municipal water,” Gaskill noted inward the latest number of Gluck Equine Disease Quarterly.
“These reports typically are published inward non-peer reviewed sources in addition to are missing of import information necessary to confirm the diagnosis, to dominion out exposure to other fluoride sources, in addition to to eliminate other potential causes.
“A careful review of the peer-reviewed literature inward reputable scientific journals showed no published reports documenting fluoride poisoning inward horses due to ingestion of fluoridated world water.”
Fluoride, she said, was 1 of the virtually mutual elements inward the surround in addition to was found naturally inward soil, rock, water, air, plants, in addition to brute tissues.
“Volcanic stone in addition to ash in addition to H2O from deep wells or hot springs inward closed to regions are naturally high inward fluoride. Low concentrations of dietary fluoride tin travel beneficial to animals; excessive amounts tin drive fluoride poisoning (fluorosis).
“Fluorosis tin hand off inward whatever species, including horses.
“In the past, fluorosis occurred to a greater extent than normally due to ingestion of forages or waters contaminated alongside fluoride-containing industrial waste, high-fluorine rock-phosphate supplements inward brute feeds, in addition to fluoride-containing rodenticides, insecticides, in addition to other chemicals,” she said.
“Regulations restricting the amount of fluoride inward industrial pollution, requiring de-fluoridation of rock-phosphate feed ingredients, in addition to banning many fluoride-containing pesticides accept greatly decreased the occurrence of fluorosis.
“Fluoride poisoning yet occasionally occurs inward areas alongside high volcanic activeness or secondary to ingestion of fluoride-containing medications or contaminated water.
“Acute, high-dose intoxications number inward severe signs in addition to rapid death. Chronic, lower dose intoxication causes predominantly molar in addition to bones abnormalities,” Gaskill said.
“While pocket-size amounts of fluoride amend molar in addition to os strength, excessive amounts tin drive lameness, stiffness, os thickening, hurting in addition to difficulty eating, weight loss, pitiable increment rates, in addition to pitiable health.
“Teeth are affected during the catamenia of molar development, which inward horses is consummate earlier four to v years of age. Fluorotic dental lesions volition non railroad train if animals are exposed to excessive fluoride afterward permanent teeth accept erupted.”
Gaskill noted that world H2O sources were supplemented inward closed to areas alongside fluoride to aid foreclose dental illness inward humans.
“Fluoride supplementation inward world H2O is targeted to accomplish fluoride concentrations of 0.8 to 1.3 milligrams per litre. The maximum fluoride concentration permitted inward world H2O sources past times the [US] national Safe Drinking Water Act is four milligrams per litre.”
Gaskill noted that the maximum prophylactic degree of fluoride inward H2O for horses had non been established.
“Published guidelines for horses are based on extrapolations from other species. In the USA, the Environmental Protection Agency recommends a maximum fluoride concentration of ii milligrams per litre inward H2O intended for livestock.”
She noted that inward Kentucky, virtually horses drank fluoridated world H2O every bit their major H2O source, in addition to fluorosis was non seen inward this Equus caballus population.
“Studies are needed to create upwards one's heed prophylactic limits of fluoride inward feed in addition to H2O for horses. However, prove to appointment indicates that fluoride concentrations allowable inward U.S. world H2O systems are good tolerated past times horses in addition to create non drive fluorosis.”
Gluck’s Equine Disease Quarterly is funded past times underwriters at Lloyd’s, London, brokers in addition to their Kentucky agents.
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